Why the US Counter-Drone Force Commander Says a "Silver Bullet" Won't Stop Small UAS

The commander of the Pentagon’s new US counter-drone force has confirmed a critical reality: there is no single weapon or technology that can defeat the rapidly evolving threat from hostile drones. Brig. Gen. Matt Ross, who leads the Joint Interagency Task Force 401 (JIATF 401), called small uncrewed aerial systems (UAS) "the defining threat of our time."

Ross emphasized that the fight against drones requires a comprehensive, layered defense network. This approach must integrate various systems. It must also simplify the process for testing and buying new counter-drone technologies across all military services. The task force was established last fall to accelerate this capability development. It replaced the Joint Counter-small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Office (JCO).

The Small UAS Challenge

The most challenging threat comes from the smallest drones. These are classified by the Department of Defense as Group 1 and Group 2 UAS. They typically weigh less than 55 pounds. These systems, like the quadcopters seen in Ukraine, are low-cost and abundant. This makes them difficult to detect and stop. Ross noted that many existing defense technologies are indexed against larger, Group 3 UAS. More work is needed to develop robust protection against the smaller systems. These smaller drones are more likely to be seen over civilian areas. They pose a direct threat to widely attended gatherings and critical infrastructure.

A Layered Defense Network Strategy

JIATF 401’s strategy focuses on an integrated suite of technologies. The goal is to detect, track, identify, and defeat these systems globally. This requires integrating sensors with kinetic and non-kinetic solutions and battle management systems. The result is a responsive, interoperable network. Ross stressed that technology alone is not the answer. The success of the defense relies on installation commanders. They must effectively use the tools provided to them.

One key goal for the task force is creating a shared command-and-control system. This system will allow different teams and regions to share data easily. JIATF 401 also plans to build a marketplace. This marketplace will help the military, law enforcement, and other agencies find suitable counter-drone systems. Users can review performance data and purchase systems in one place. The task force is also sharing data with the Golden Dome missile defense project. This ensures coordination on countering larger Group 3 UAS threats.

Impact on Commercial Aviation Security

The military's focus has direct implications for airport drone protection and commercial aviation. Unauthorized drone activity near airports is a significant and growing concern. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) reports over 100 sightings of unauthorized drones near airports each month. These incursions disrupt operations and pose a serious collision risk. Such incidents can ground commercial flights, costing airlines like Emirates and IndiGo millions in delays.

• Operational Risk: Small drones can cause major flight disruptions and safety hazards in controlled airspace.
• Legal Complexity: Unlike the military, non-federal entities, including airports, face strict legal limits. Federal law prohibits them from using most kinetic and non-kinetic solutions (like jamming) to mitigate drone threats.
• Interagency Cooperation: The JIATF 401 model of interagency collaboration is vital for civilian airspace. It supports law enforcement and security for major events. This includes the upcoming FIFA World Cup matches in the US.

Effective defense for commercial aviation relies on robust detection and tracking systems. These systems provide high-fidelity situational awareness. This data is then used by law enforcement to take appropriate action. The broader national effort led by the US counter-drone force will drive innovation. This innovation will eventually trickle down to enhance civilian aviation security threats mitigation. The challenge is to quickly field state-of-the-art capability. This must be done while navigating the complex legal landscape. For the latest on this evolving security landscape, follow our commercial aviation news at flying.flights.